Device for closing, holding open and holding closed a door or equivalent, in particular one for doors with concealed hinges

ABSTRACT

The present invention concerns a device for closing, holding open and holding closed a door or equivalent, in which device all the functions mentioned have been advantageously combined in one device entity. Furthermore, the invention concerns such a combination of a hinge of a door or equivalent and a device for closing, holding open and holding closed the same which can be countersunk out of sight in the door and/or its frame so that all these devices are invisible when the door is closed. When a device according to the invention is used, no particular device, provided with a turning handle, for keeping it closed need be installed because also this function has been combined with the other functions of the device.

United States Patent Koivusalo 1 Dec. 26, 1972 [54] DEVICE FOR CLOSING,HOLDING OPEN AND HOLDING CLOSED A FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 24,9511909 Great Britain ..l6/5l Primary Examiner-Donald A. GriffinAttorney-Richards 8L Geier [57] ABSTRACT The present invention concernsa device for closing, holding open and holding closed a door orequivalent, in which device all the functions mentioned have beenadvantageously combined in one device entity. Furthermore, the inventionconcerns such a combination of a hinge of a door or equivalent and adevice for closing, holding open and holding closed the same which canbe countersunk out of sight in the door and/or its frame so that allthese devices are invisible when the door is closed. When a deviceaccording to the invention is used, no particular device, provided witha turning handle, for keeping it closed need be installed because alsothis function has been combined with the other functions of the device.

20 Claims, 18 Drawing Figures PATENTEDBEBZEIBTZ 3.707.014 sum 1 [1F 5PIC-3.1 FIG.2

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hTToaNias PATENTED E 3.707.014

SHEET 3 BF 5 U W n INVENTOR: IV. oL'vusaZo gbvumh gw PATENTED DEC 26I972 SHEETS UF 5 FIG. 13

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INVENTOR: /V,/ J oz'vusaio ATT'QILN E55 DEVICE FOR CLOSING, HOLDING OPENAND HOLDING CLOSED A DOOR OR EQUIVALENT, IN PARTICULAR ONE FOR DOORSWITH CONCEALED IIINGES The starting point of the invention was adoor-closing device previously known in itself, in which within atubular element there has been mounted a helical spring, which is placedunder tension when the door is opened and which causes the force toclose the door. A spring element of this kind may be muonted either inconnection with the door or the frame or countersunk in them. If, forinstance, the spring element has been mounted in connection with thedoor frame, the closing force has usually been conducted to act upon thedoor by means of various lever arms or equivalent elements. Thedoorclosing devices have included, mounted within the same tubularelement as the spring device, hydraulic or pneumatic devices consistingof a piston and cylinder, which limit and retard the speed of the doorsclosing movement.

The device according to the present invention for closing, holding openand holding closed a door or equivalent has a design mainly as follows.Within a tubular cylinder there has been arranged a helical spring withone of its ends resting against the closed bottom of said cylinder. Theother end of the helical spring rests against the closed end of anothercylinder, which is movable within the said cylinder. The second cylinderencloses a cylindrical space, which is divided into two parts by apiston, which is rigidly connected with the first-mentioned tubularcylinder. The space enclosed by the second cylinder has been filled withhydraulic fluid, and the purpose of the piston moving in this space isto damp and restrict the speed of the doors closing movement. This isaccomplished by means of the damping effect caused by throttled flow ofthe fluid from one side of the piston to the other. At the end of thesaid second cylinder opposite to the end at which the spring acts therehas been turnably journalled a ball, roll or equivalent, which when thedevice assembly is in operation is in contact with a roller path member.This member is of such design, and it has been mounted on the door orframe in such manner, that its projection on the plane perpendicular tothe door is a circular are having its center on the hinge axis of thedoor and somewhat larger of its arc length than the opening angle of thedoor. The roller path member, which has been rigidly mounted on the dooror frame, constitutes an inclined rolling surface for the said ball orroll of the spring element. If the roller path member has been mountedon the door, then the spring element is attached to the frame, and viceversa. When the door is opened, the inclined rolling surface of themember causes compression of the spring element, whereby in this springthe energy required toclose the door is stored. At that point of theroller path member which is in contact with the ball or roll of thespring element when the door is in its full-open position there has beenmade a depression of the rolling surface, for the purpose of holding thedoor in opened positiomWhen the door has been opened and the ball orroll of the spring I element has entered the said depression, the doorwill remain in this open position. When the door is pushed from thisposition a small way towards its closed position, the ball or roll isset free from the depression and begins to roll along the roller pathmember by effect of the spring force, closing the door. On' the rollerpath member a projection has been provided a short distance before thepoint which is the point of contact of the ball or roll when the door isclosed. The purpose of this projection is to retard the speed of thedoors closing, counteracting its slamming. After the projection there isanother short stretch of inclined rolling surface, which has such actionthat when the door is closed it is continuously subject to a smallclosing force, which serves the purpose of keeping the door tightlyclosed and preventing its unnecessary opening e. g., as a result offluctuations in air pressure. Instead of an inclined surface there maybe at the same point a depression, into which the ball or roll falls,causing a final push, which closes the door completely; this isnecessary particularly when the door has been fitted with a lock withbevelled or roller bolt. In this manner, combination in one and the samedevice of the doorclosing, open-holding and closed-holding functions,has been simply accomplished.

Associated with the invention is a special hinge design intended to beused in connection with the door closer described above. It is thenpossible to preassemble the hinge and door closer to constitute oneentity, whereby the hinge and the door closer can both be installed inone fixing operation. The hinge and door closer may be made separate,but they are so designed and dimensioned that they are fit to cooperate.Of course, a hinge according to the present invention may also be usedin connection with door closers of a kind other than that concerned inthis invention or even without any door closer. An important advantagegained when using a combination of door closer and hinge according tothe invention is that all these can be made completely invisible whenthe door is closed.

Various details of the invention are described in the following, withreference to the embodiment examples shown by the figures in theaccompanying drawing, without in any way confining the invention tothese.

FIG. 1 presents, partly in section, the spring element and roller pathmember in the situation in which the door remains opened and the springhas been compressed.

FIG. 2 shows the same as FIG. 1, in the situation in which the door hasnearly closed. FIG. 2a shows the section along line A A in FIG. 2.

FIG. 3, and 3a show a detail in the design of the roller path member andthe rolls.

FIG. 4 and 4a show another design of the roller path member and rolls.

FIG. 5 and 5a show a design of the roller path member and rolls, whichhas been provided with additional support.

FIG. 6 shows the combined design of a hinge and door closing deviceaccording to the invention, with the door closed and with opening angleof the hinge.

FIG. 7 shows the same as FIG. 6, with the door fully opened.

FIG. 8 shows a hinge opening up to 90 and a closing device incooperation, with the door opened. Dot-anddash lines indicate thesituation when the door is closed.

FIG. 9 shows a hinge opening up to and two closing devices incooperation, with the door in its closed position.

106012 OOOI FIG. shows the same as FIG. 9, with the door opened.Dot-and-dash lines illustrate the situation obtaining when the doorcapable of opening up to 180 has only been opened 90, in which positionthe door may be left.

FIG. 11 shows a rocking lever, which is intended to replace theprojection on the roller path member, which retards the speed of theclosing movement.

FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 show various designs of the control and adjustmentdevices and relief valves for hydraulic fluid flow provided inconnection with the dashpot cylinder and piston.

Referring now to the figures in the drawing, the design of devicesaccording to the present invention shall be described in detail in thefollowing. In FIGS. 1 and 2 is seen the design of a closing,open-holding and closed-holding device for a door. The tubular cylinder7 has been mounted, most appropriately by countersinking, e.g., with theaid of screws 10 to the door frame 8. The longitudinal direction ofcylinder 7 is most appropriately parallel to the hinge axis of the dooror equivalent. Within the cylinder 7, at its upper end, there has beenfitted a helical spring 9, one end of which rests against the closedupper end of cylinder 7, the position of which with reference to thecylinder 7 can be adjusted in axialdirection in order to adjust thecompression force of spring 9. This possibility of adjustment is mostsimply realized by means of thread engagement between the bottom andmantle portions of cylinder 7. The other end of the spring 9 meetsanother cylinder 6, which is axially movable within the firstmentionedcylinder 7. Within the cylinder 6 also remains a cylindrical, enclosedspace, which is divided into two partial spaces 32 and 33 by the piston13. The piston 12 is integrally connected with the cylinder 7 by meansof piston rod 12, which at its upper end has been attached to the upperbottom of cylinder 7 by means of threads. By turning the piston rod 12by its end, the position of piston 13 with reference to cylinders 6 and7 can be adjusted. The piston rod 12 passes into the space 32 through apacking. The spaces 32 and 33 are most suitably filled with hydraulicliquid. In the surface of cylinder 6 an axial groove has been provided,in which the guiding screw 18 moves, which serves the purpose ofpreventing the cylinder 6 from being rotated with reference to cylinder7. On the lower end of cylinder 6 there has been rotatably journalled aroll, most appropriately provided with a groove, or ball 1, variouspossible designs of which shall be presented later. In F I08. 1 and 2the cylinder 7 has been depicted as fixed to the door frame. In thatinstance, the roller path member 2 has been rigidly fixed to the door 14by screws 11. The projection of the roller path member 2 on thehorizontal plane is a circular arc with the turning axis of the doorpassing through its center. The roller path member 2 constitutes for theroll or equivalent, an inclined rolling surface 15. The roller pathmember can be pivoted on a shaft 17, whereby in certain applications theroller path member may be straight or nearly straight. Close to the endof the roller path member2 opposite to the end at which it has beenfixed, there has been made a depression 3 having a radius of curvaturemost appropriately equal to the radius of curvature of the contactsurface of the roll 1 or equivalent. The rolling surface 15 starting atthe depression 3 continues at uniform inclination up to a point close tothe at- The roller path member 2 may be provided, coincident with orreplacing the projection 16, with an adjustment plate 34, the positionof which with reference to the roller path member is adjusted by meansof the adjusting and locking screw 36. In this case in the roller pathmember 2 an opening has been made (FIG. 2a) which partly forms the space37, within the confines of which the adjustment plate 34 can move. InFIG. 1 l a solution has been presented by which it is also possible toreplace the projection 16. Inthis solution, at the same point where theprojection 16 would be located there-is attached to the roller pathmember 2 a rocker arm 34a, which is turnable about the shaft 36a. Therocker arm 340 has two stable positions, which are achieved by means ofthe spring arrangement 37a. When the roll 1 rolls along the rollingsurface 'from the top and downwardly, the rocker arm 34a is in itsstable position indicated by dot-and-dash lines in FIG. 11. When theroll 1 arrives at the rocker arm 34a, the roll 1 turns the rocker arm34a into its other extreme position. In this connection the convex uppersurface of the rocker arm 34a forces the roll 1 to rise upwardly, whichaction corresponds to that of the projection 16. Since the rocker arm34a is spring-loaded, its function also corresponds to that of thedepression 5.

ln FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 various designs relating to the cooperation of theroller path member 2 and the roll I or equivalent have been shown.According to FIG. 3, the roller path member has been made to be of equalwidth over its entire length, and it is contacted by rollers from bothsides. The roll 1 has been journalled by shaft 28 at the lower end ofcylinder 6, and the roll 1 is in rolling contact with the roller pathmember 2 on its topside. Similarly, to the lower end of cylinder 6 therehas been rotatably fixed with the aid of shaft 29, another roll 27,which is in rolling contact with the roller path member 2 on itsunderside. In this manner more positive interaction of the roller pathmember 2 and cylinder 6 is accomplished than in the preceding design.

According to FIG. 4, in the lower end of the cylinder 6 a guiding slotparallelling the roller path member 2 and of equal width as this hasbeen provided and, in connection with it, rolls 1 and 27 similarly as inthe case depicted in FIG. 3. By this design very positive sidewiseguidance is achieved. According to FIG. 5, the lower roller 27 accordingto the preceding figure has been replaced by guiding shoulders 30,sliding in corresponding guiding slots of the roller path member 2 InFIGS. 12, 13 and 14 various designs have been shown by which it isintended to improve the action of the damping piston and cylinder.According to FIG. 12, the spaces 32 and 33 have been mutually connectedby a hydraulic liquid flow duct 43. In association with the flow duct 43there are over-pressure limiting elements, consisting of pressure reliefball 39 and its spring 41.

The pressure relief ball 39 has been pierced with a small hole throughwhich the differential pressure between spaces 32 and 33 caused by suchflow as takes place may equalize if the door is pulled open with normalspeed. If the speed of opening is greater than normal, the spring 41 iscompressed and the flow resistance of duct 43 decreases, and noexcessive pressure can develop in space 33. The flow resistance of duct43 is adjustable from the outside by the aid of needle valve 42, byturning the screw 50, which passes through a packing 44 and can belocked with the locking screw 45. The piston 38 has also been providedwith a pressure relief valve, 40 and 41, for the event that the door isforcibly closed at higher speed than normal. In FIG. 12 also the designof the sealing between piston rod 12 and space 32 has been shown. Thepacking 48 is locked against the backing and pressure spring plate 49 bythe locking ring 46. For enhanced sealing, the packing 48 has beenprovided with pressure spring plates 47 and 52. In the design shown inFIG. 13, the pressure relief valve 39 and 41 intended to operate whenthe door is opened has been installed in the piston 38.

" According to FIG. 14, the needle valve 42 with its adjusting screw 50has been installed in oblique position, whereby the adjusting screw 50is more easily accessible.

In FIGS. 6 10 various combinations of a hinge and closing deviceaccording to the invention have been shown. According to FIG. 6, thehinge is composed of two hinge halves joined by the hinge pivot 24, ofwhich the hinge half 22 intended to be fixed to the door frame is ofconventional plane type, while the other hinge half 21 has asubstantially U-shaped profile. According to FIG. 6 the door has beenpresented as closed and in FIG. 7, correspondingly, as opened with aboutl opening angle of the hinge. The hinge half 22 has been countersunk andfixed in a recess made in the door frame 19 so that the hinge pivot 24does not remain in sight. The hinge half 22 has an aperture 31, whichhas been made for a device for closing, holding open and holding closedthe door according to the present invention and described in theforegoing, 23 and 2, which for the sake of simplicity shall be referredto as closing device in the following. The other component of theclosing device 23, which comprises the spring cylinder with its dampingequipment, has been rigidly mounted on the hinge half 21, to that leg ofits U-shaped profile which is connected with the hinge pivot 24. Theroller path member 2 has been attached to the door frame 19 e.g., bymeans of a mounting member 26, whereby the roller path member 2 passesthrough the aperture 31 in the hinge half 22. Both the hinge and theclosing device may advantageously be manufactured as one entity so thatalready at the manufacturing stage one component 23 of the closingdevice is permanently fixed in its place in conjunction with one hingehalf 21 and to the other hinge half 22 is permanently fixed the rollerpath member 2. By this means a functional device entity is accomplished,which takes care of all the functions required in connection with adoor: it provides hinges for the door and acts as a device closing,holding open and holding closed the door. One or several such devicescan be installed on one door. If only one such combination device isinstalled, the second hinge is naturally a corresponding hinge withoutclosing device. l-Iinges according to the invention can be easilyadapted to various opening angles of the door. Thus, FIG. 8 shows ahinging arrangement with 90 opening angle. In FIG. 8 the door has beenshown with solid lines in its opened and with dot-and-dash lines in itsclosed position.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a hinge arrangement with 180 opening angle of thedoor and in connection with which two closing devices according to theinvention have been installed. The hinge itself is composed of twoplanar hinge members 22, one of which has been mounted on the door andthe other, on the door frame. The planar hinge members 22 are connectedwith each other, by means of two hinge pivots 24, by an intermediatemember 25 of U-shaped cross section. On both legs of the intermediatemember 25 connecting with hinge pivots 24 there have been mountedcomponents 23 of a closing device, one on each, and which cooperate withroller path members 2, one of which has been mounted on the door frame19 or in connection with the planar hinge member mounted on the frame,while the other has been mounted on the door 20 or in connection withthe planar hinge member mounted on the door. The hinge arrangement maybe made to operate so that the door may be opened 9O" and left open atthis angle. This is accomplished by making e.g., the closing deviceoperating in connection with the door frame to be more sensitive so thatit operates first and holds the door in the 90 opened position. The doorcan be caused to close from this90-open position by the aid of thefirst-mentioned, first operating closing device, or the door may beopened from 90 to 180 open position, in which case the second closingdevice functions, being primed for action of its spring and keeping thedoor in this fully opened position. The closing devices may be so builtthat the door closes from its l-open position. This is accomplished bytaking care that the door, in its closing motion, at the position hassufficient momentum to release the roll 1 of the other closing devicefrom the recess 3.

The action of devices according to the invention is described in detailwith particular reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 6 and 7. When the door isclosed, or in the position depicted in FIG. 6, the cylinder 6 is in itslower position so that the roll 1 rests in the recess 5 or equivalent.The shape of recess 5 is such that a small closing force acts upon thedoor, keeping it tightly closed. When one starts to open the door 20,the roll 1 rises over the projection 16 into the position seen in FIG.2. The projection 16 acts as closed-holding step for the door,preventing the door from opening under effect of minor forces. When thedoor is further opened, the component 23 of the closing device passesthrough the aperture 31 in hinge member 22, following along with hingemember 21, and the roll 1 rolls along the rolling surface 15. At thesame time the spring 9 is compressed and hydraulic fluid passes fromspace 33 into space 32 e.g., by the duct 43 or through the gap betweenpiston 13 and cylinder 6. If the door is opened with greater than normalforce, the over-pressure limiting elements 39 and 41 (FIGS. 12, 13 and14) operate. When the door has been fully opened, or into the positionshown in FIG. 7, the roll 1 enters the recess 3, as has been shown inFIG. 1. The door remains in this opened position until it is pushedslightly towards its closed position so that the roll 1 rises out ofrecess 3 and the spring 9, by mediation of cylinder 6, forces the roll 1to roll along the rolling surface of the roll path member 2. This actioncauses by mediation of the hinge member 21 a moment acting upon the doorand closing it. The throttled flow of hydraulic fluid from space 32 tospace 33 damps the rate at which the door closes, and it can be adjustedby the needle valve 42, by turning the screw 50. If the door is forcedto close with higher than normal speed, the over-pressure limitingelements 40 and 41 operate, preventing excessive rise of pressure in thespace 32. Closing of the door takes place with substantially constantspeed until the rolling surface begins, at the recess 4, to rise up tothe projection 16. When the roll 1 has ascended to the peak ofprojection 16 (this position of roll 1 has been indicated withdotand-dash lines in FIG. 1), the closing speed of the door has sloweddown nearly to zero, and the door closes slowly, without slamming, whenthe roll 1 descends into recess 5.

I claim:

1. A device for controlling a closure member to enable said closuremember to be held in open or closed position comprising, in combination,a first cylinder having an end portion, a helical spring within saidfirst cylinder disposed at the bottom thereof and projecting therefrom,a second cylinder axially movable within said first cylinder, saidhelical spring having its opposite end portion disposed within thebottom portion of said second cylinder, said second cylinder providedwith a substantially cylindrical enclosed space, a fluid actuatablepiston rigidly connected with said first cylinder and operativelyconnected with said second cylinder, a rotatably journalled roll membercarried by the opposite end portion of said second cylinder, an inclinedroller path member engageable with said roll member, the projection ofsaid roller path member upon the plane perpendicular to the closuremember being a circular arc concentric with the hinge axis of theclosure member, the points within said roller path member wherein saidroll member contacts said roller path member being provided with aplurality of spaced recesses, said recesses corresponding to theposition upon said roller path member that said roll member ascylinderhas been mounted on the door frame and the said roller path member hasbeen mounted on the door.

4. Device according to claim 1, in which on the rolling surface of thesaid roller path member there has been provided a projection whichcompresses said helical spring and retards the speed of the closingmovement of the door at the final stage of closing.

5. Device according to claim 4, in which the height of Y 6. Deviceaccording to claim 1, in which to the roller path member has beenpivotally fixed a rocker arm close to that end at which the said ball orroll contacts the rolling surface of the roller path member when thedoor is closed and the said rockerarrn has been provided with a springarrangement determining two stable extreme positions of the rocker arm,in one of which the ball or roll takes the rocker arm along with it whenthe door is moving towards its closed position, when the rocker armforces the said helical spring to become further compressed and thusreduces the closing speed of the door at the final stage of closing andthe rocker arm, when turning into its other stable extreme position,holds the door closed.

7. Device according to claim '1, in which the said roll member has beenprovided with a groove having the width of the roller path member at therolling surface.

8. Device according to claim 1, in which'the said second cylinder hasbeen provided, at its end opposite to the end under action of saidhelical spring, with two rolls rotatably mounted on it, of which rollsone is in topside rolling contact with the roller path member and theother roll is in underside rolling contact with the roller path member.

9. Device according to claim 8, in which the rolling contact is on onemargin of the roller path member, where the roller path memberhas ashoulder, which moves in a groove in the second cylinder, on the bottomof which groove the other said roll is located.

10. Device according to claim 8, in which the said second cylinder hasbeen provided with a groove, with both sides of which the two sides ofthe roller path member engage.

11. Device according to claim 1, in which the said second cylinder hasat its lower end guiding shoulders, which are in underside slidingcontact with guiding grooves on the lower margin of the roller pathmember.

12. Device according to claim 1, in which the enclosed space remainingwithin the said second cylinder and which is divided into two partialspaces by a piston, has been provided with a duct connecting saidpartial spaces, the flow resistance of which is adjustable by the aid ofa needle valve, the adjusting screw of which is accessible from theoutside of the said second cylinder.

13. Device according to claim 12, in which the duct connecting the saidpartial spaces has been provided with an over-pressure limiting element,which reduces the flow resistance of said flow duct when thedifferential pressure between said partial spaces rises to excessiveheight in connection of opening or closing the door.

14. Device according to claim 1, in which the piston dividing enclosedspace remaining within said second cylinder into two partial spaces hasbeen provided with over-pressure limiting elements, which reduce theflow resistance of the duct in said piston between the said partialspaces when the differential pressure between these spaces rises toexcessive height in connection of opening or closing the door.

15. Device according to claim 1, wherein said closure member is a doorand a door frame, comprising a planar hinge member, which is fixed tothe door frame, and another hinge member having substantially U- shapedcross section and connected at its end to the said planar hinge memberby means of a hinge pivot, and the outer leg of which is fixed to thedoor, the said hinge having been mounted in a recess provided in thedoor frame so that the said hinge pivot and other parts of the hinge donot remain in sight from outside the door, and the said first cylinderof the door closing device being mounted on the leg of the said hingemember with U-shaped cross section which is opposite to the leg fixed tothe door, and said roller path member being fixed to the door frame, inwhich an aperture has been provided through which the door closingdevice may pass into the space behind said planar hinge member when thedoor is closed, so that the closing equipment is not visible when thedoor is closed.

16. Device according to claim 15, in which both leg opposite to eachother of the said second hinge member with U-shaped cross section areparallel, the opening angle of a door hinged with this hinge being 90.

17. Device according to claim 15, in which the greater angle enclosed bythe opposite legs of said second hinge member with U-shaped crosssection is 150, the opening angle of a door hinged with this hinge being120.

18. Device according to claim 15, in which the planar leg, intended forattachment to the door, of the said hinge member with U-shaped crosssection has at its end been provided with a second hinge pivot, to whichis connected a second planar hingemember, to which the door is attachedand in connection with which second planar hinge member, or inconnection with the door, there is attached the roller path member of asecond door closing device, the first cylinder being attached to thesecond leg of the said hinge member with U-shaped cross section and saidsecond planar hinge member being provided with an aperture through whichthe door closing device may pass into the space behind the hinge memberin question when the door is closed, so that the second door closingdevice does not remain in sight when the door is closed.

19. Device according to claim 18, a door hinged with which has anopening angle of 180.

20. Device according to claim 18, in which the first closing deviceoperating in connection with the door frame has been made more sensitivein regard of its springs, so that it operates first when the door isopened from its fully closed position, whereby the door can be left in90 opened position, the first closing device holding the door in thisposition.

1. A device for controlling a closure member to enable said closuremember to be held in open or closed position comprising, in combination,a first cylinder having an end portion, a helical spring within saidfirst cylinder disposed at the bottom thereof and projecting therefrom,a second cylinder axially movable within said first cylinder, saidhelical spring having its opposite end portion disposed within thebottom portion of said second cylinder, said second cylinder providedwith a substantially cylindrical enclosed space, a fluid actuatablepiston rigidly connected with said first cylinder and operativelyconnected with said second cylinder, a rotatably journalled roll membercarried by the opposite end portion of said second cylinder, an inclinedroller path member engageable with said roll member, the projection ofsaid roller path member upon the plane perpendicular to the closuremember beiNg a circular arc concentric with the hinge axis of theclosure member, the points within said roller path member wherein saidroll member contacts said roller path member being provided with aplurality of spaced recesses, said recesses corresponding to theposition upon said roller path member that said roll member assumes whenthe closure member is in open and in closed position, so that theclosure member will be held open or closed by the spring pressureexerted against the roll member disposed within said recesses.
 2. Deviceaccording to claim 1, in which the said first cylinder has been mountedon the door and the said roller path member has been mounted on the doorframe.
 3. Device according to claim 1, in which the said first cylinderhas been mounted on the door frame and the said roller path member hasbeen mounted on the door.
 4. Device according to claim 1, in which onthe rolling surface of the said roller path member there has beenprovided a projection which compresses said helical spring and retardsthe speed of the closing movement of the door at the final stage ofclosing.
 5. Device according to claim 4, in which the height of saidprojection has been made adjustable in that said projection is composedof adjusting plates, the position of which with reference to the rollerpath member is changed with the aid of an adjusting screw.
 6. Deviceaccording to claim 1, in which to the roller path member has beenpivotally fixed a rocker arm close to that end at which the said ball orroll contacts the rolling surface of the roller path member when thedoor is closed and the said rocker arm has been provided with a springarrangement determining two stable extreme positions of the rocker arm,in one of which the ball or roll takes the rocker arm along with it whenthe door is moving towards its closed position, when the rocker armforces the said helical spring to become further compressed and thusreduces the closing speed of the door at the final stage of closing andthe rocker arm, when turning into its other stable extreme position,holds the door closed.
 7. Device according to claim 1, in which the saidroll member has been provided with a groove having the width of theroller path member at the rolling surface.
 8. Device according to claim1, in which the said second cylinder has been provided, at its endopposite to the end under action of said helical spring, with two rollsrotatably mounted on it, of which rolls one is in topside rollingcontact with the roller path member and the other roll is in undersiderolling contact with the roller path member.
 9. Device according toclaim 8, in which the rolling contact is on one margin of the rollerpath member, where the roller path member has a shoulder, which moves ina groove in the second cylinder, on the bottom of which groove the othersaid roll is located.
 10. Device according to claim 8, in which the saidsecond cylinder has been provided with a groove, with both sides ofwhich the two sides of the roller path member engage.
 11. Deviceaccording to claim 1, in which the said second cylinder has at its lowerend guiding shoulders, which are in underside sliding contact withguiding grooves on the lower margin of the roller path member. 12.Device according to claim 1, in which the enclosed space remainingwithin the said second cylinder and which is divided into two partialspaces by a piston, has been provided with a duct connecting saidpartial spaces, the flow resistance of which is adjustable by the aid ofa needle valve, the adjusting screw of which is accessible from theoutside of the said second cylinder.
 13. Device according to claim 12,in which the duct connecting the said partial spaces has been providedwith an over-pressure limiting element, which reduces the flowresistance of said flow duct when the differential pressure between saidpartial spaces rises to excessive height in connection of opening orclosing the door.
 14. Device according to claim 1, in which the pistondividing enclosed space remaining within said second cylinder into twopartial spaces has been provided with over-pressure limiting elements,which reduce the flow resistance of the duct in said piston between thesaid partial spaces when the differential pressure between these spacesrises to excessive height in connection of opening or closing the door.15. Device according to claim 1, wherein said closure member is a doorand a door frame, comprising a planar hinge member, which is fixed tothe door frame, and another hinge member having substantially U-shapedcross section and connected at its end to the said planar hinge memberby means of a hinge pivot, and the outer leg of which is fixed to thedoor, the said hinge having been mounted in a recess provided in thedoor frame so that the said hinge pivot and other parts of the hinge donot remain in sight from outside the door, and the said first cylinderof the door closing device being mounted on the leg of the said hingemember with U-shaped cross section which is opposite to the leg fixed tothe door, and said roller path member being fixed to the door frame, inwhich an aperture has been provided through which the door closingdevice may pass into the space behind said planar hinge member when thedoor is closed, so that the closing equipment is not visible when thedoor is closed.
 16. Device according to claim 15, in which both legsopposite to each other of the said second hinge member with U-shapedcross section are parallel, the opening angle of a door hinged with thishinge being 90*.
 17. Device according to claim 15, in which the greaterangle enclosed by the opposite legs of said second hinge member withU-shaped cross section is 150*, the opening angle of a door hinged withthis hinge being 120*.
 18. Device according to claim 15, in which theplanar leg, intended for attachment to the door, of the said hingemember with U-shaped cross section has at its end been provided with asecond hinge pivot, to which is connected a second planar hinge member,to which the door is attached and in connection with which second planarhinge member, or in connection with the door, there is attached theroller path member of a second door closing device, the first cylinderbeing attached to the second leg of the said hinge member with U-shapedcross section and said second planar hinge member being provided with anaperture through which the door closing device may pass into the spacebehind the hinge member in question when the door is closed, so that thesecond door closing device does not remain in sight when the door isclosed.
 19. Device according to claim 18, a door hinged with which hasan opening angle of 180*.
 20. Device according to claim 18, in which thefirst closing device operating in connection with the door frame hasbeen made more sensitive in regard of its springs, so that it operatesfirst when the door is opened from its fully closed position, wherebythe door can be left in 90* opened position, the first closing deviceholding the door in this position.